The growth of social movements targeting multinational companies on social and environmental responsibility has created new global standards for supply chain. Tied to a wide range of standards for sustainable development is the growth of partnerships between transnational corporations (TNCs) and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). However, these standards may inadvertently impose conditions that may exclude small firms in developing countries from the global supply chain, which has a negative impact on poor farmers in developing countries, from what is known as the "base of the pyramid." This article discusses how the standard-making and implementation by TNK-NGO alliances can create conditions conducive to the integration and modernization of small producers in the supply chain. This shows that including poor producers in developing countries requires a proactive approach to help meet the challenges of creating a more responsive supply chains. "Hide
by Paola Perez-Aleman, Marion Sandilands Source: California Management Review 28 pages. Publication Date: November 1, 2008. Prod. #: CMR409-PDF-ENG
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